УДК 547.753:591.826:636.4
Библ. 40.
DOI: 10.21323/2071-2499-2022-4-54-57

Факторы, влияющие на уровень скатола в жировой ткани свиней

Ревуцкая Н.М., канд. техн. наук, Насонова В.В., канд. техн. наук, Кузнецова Т.Г., доктор вет. наук, Бочарова И.Г.
ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова
Ключевые слова: андростенон, скатол, запах хряка, свиньи, рацион питания, кастрация, порода,
Реферат:
«Запах хряка» возникает из-за накопления в жировой ткани свиней двух основных соединений – андростенона и скатола. Их высокое содержание снижает потребительскую приемлемость свинины. Скатол является метаболитом триптофана и обладает выраженным фекальным запахом. Его накопление происходит в жировой ткани животного независимо от пола, в отличие от андростенона, выработка которого происходит у некастрированных самцов свиней. Рассмотрены различные факторы, влияющие на регуляцию скатола у свиней. Отмечено, что наиболее интенсивное накопление скатола происходит в жировой ткани некастрированных самцов, при этом большое значение имеет порода, возраст, убойный вес и половое созревание животного. Накопление скатола у кастрированных самцов свиней и свинок зависит от скорости его метаболизма в печени. Наиболее эффективным способом снижения уровня скатола является включение в рацион питания свиней пищевых компонентов, влияющих на микробиоту кишечника.

Factors influencing skatole levels in porcine fatty tissue

Revutskaya N.M., Nasonova V.V., Kuznetsova T.G., Bocharova I.G.
Gorbatov Research Center for Food Systems
Key words: pigs, androstenone, skatole, boar taint, castration, breed, diet
Summary:
Boar taint appears due to accumulation of two main compounds (androstenone and skatole) in porcine fatty tissue. Their high content reduces the consumer acceptability of pork. Skatole is a tryptophan metabolite and has pronounced fecal odor. Its accumulation takes place in animal fatty tissue irrespective of gender contrary to androstenone, which is produced in entire male pigs. Different factors influencing skatole regulation in pigs are considered. It is noted that the most intensive skatole accumulation occurs in fatty tissue of entire male pigs; with that, breed, age, slaughter weight and sexual maturation of an animal play an important role. Skatole accumulation in castrated male pigs and gilts depends on the rate of its metabolism in liver. The most effective way of reducing skatole levels is inclusion of food components influencing gut microbiota into diets of pigs.

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Контакты:

Ревуцкая Наталия Михайловна
+7 (495) 676-95-11 (доб. 305)
n.revuckaya@fncps.ru
Насонова Виктория Викторовна
+7 (495) 676-95-11 (доб. 307)
v.nasonova@fncps.ru
Кузнецова Татьяна Георгиевна
t.kuznecova@fncps.ru
Бочарова Ирина Григорьевна.
i.bocharova@fncps ru

Для цитирования:

Ревуцкая, Н.М. Факторы, влияющие на уровень скатола в жировой ткани свиней / Н.М. Ревуцкая, В.В. Насонова, Т.Г. Кузнецова, И.Г. Бочарова // Все о мясе. – 2022. – № 4. – С. 54-57. DOI: 10.21323/2071-2499-2022-4-54-57.

For citation:

Revutskaya, N.M. Factors influencing skatole levels in porcine fatty tissue / N.M. Revutskaya, V.V. Nasonova, T.G. Kuznetsova, I.G. Bocharova // Vsyo o myase. – 2022. – № 4. – Р. 54-57. DOI: 10.21323/2071-2499-2022-4-54-57.